The Hijri Calendar was introduced by Umar ibn Al-Khattab, a follower of Muhammad, in 638. In other countries, Muslims refer to the Christian Calendar for most dates and consult the Hijri Calendar only for religious purposes. The Hijri Calendar is the official calendar in many predominantly Muslim countries, most notably Saudi Arabia. (Remember that the Hijri Calendar is consistently 11 days shorter than the Christian Calendar.) So, the year 2011 on the Christian Calendar is A.H. stands for Anno Domini, which means "In the year of our Lord." The Hijri Calendar has years marked by A.H., which stands for Anno Hegirae, "In the Year of the Hijra." The hegira took place in A.H. Western, or Christian, Calendars measure time beginning with the year 0 A.D. The hegira took place, on Western Calendars, on July 16. The Calendar is properly called the Hijri Calendar because it began with the Hijra, or hegira, Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina, which took place in 622 on the Western Calendar.
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